Indira Hirway । EPW
With 3% of the total geographical area of India and 9% of its total population, Bihar is the most densely populated state in the country. It is also one of the poorest and backward states in India. Before the British came, Bihar was one of the most prosperous regions in the country. However, during the British period, it underwent a radical transformation (thanks to the 1793 Permanent Settlement and the other policies that followed), turning into a poor agricultural state with a very exploitative agrarian structure that became a great impediment to agrarian reform. Efforts to develop the state in later years were not very successful and it continued to remain one of the most backward, with rising caste and class tensions, criminalisation, non-governance, and poor delivery mechanisms. Over the last six to seven years, the image of the state has changed for the better, thanks to a turnaround in the growth rate and significant improvement in law and order. more
With 3% of the total geographical area of India and 9% of its total population, Bihar is the most densely populated state in the country. It is also one of the poorest and backward states in India. Before the British came, Bihar was one of the most prosperous regions in the country. However, during the British period, it underwent a radical transformation (thanks to the 1793 Permanent Settlement and the other policies that followed), turning into a poor agricultural state with a very exploitative agrarian structure that became a great impediment to agrarian reform. Efforts to develop the state in later years were not very successful and it continued to remain one of the most backward, with rising caste and class tensions, criminalisation, non-governance, and poor delivery mechanisms. Over the last six to seven years, the image of the state has changed for the better, thanks to a turnaround in the growth rate and significant improvement in law and order. more
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